Marburg Virus, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and Prevention
Marburg virus is a deadly but rare bleeding
disorder similar to Ebola. While this disease usually starts like many other
hot flashes with fever and body aches, it can quickly lead to severe bleeding,
panic, and death. Nine out of 10 infected people die from the virus.
The Marburg virus is rare. Initially, the phenomena were associated with exposure to African fruit bulls and non-human animals, but- the virus can also spread from person to person through body fluids such as blood or vomit. There is no prescriptive drug that will stop the flow of emotions, though their effects can be- curtailed by immobilization.
Marburg
outbreak occurred at a health facility in 1967 when more than 22 people with
dengue fever first appeared in Germany and Serbia. The outbreak began in
laboratory staff and then spread to health workers and caregivers. Seven people
died. The first outbreak was- followed by the export of green- African monkeys
from Uganda. It took only three months for the researchers to detect the virus.
They named it the site of a major epidemic - Marburg, Germany. Outbreaks
occurred in Uganda, Angola, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
A
major outbreak in 2004 in Angola was- thought to have been caused by
contaminated blood vessels, affecting about 400 children.
Symptoms
The
Marburg virus causes symptoms that come on quickly and escalate. Like Ebola,
Marburg is a viral infection that can- cause severe bleeding leading to panic,
paralysis, or death.
Symptoms
of Marburg virus infection may include:
•
Freezing
•
Malaise
•
Pregnancy complications, including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, usually
about 3days after the appearance of symptoms.
•
Fatigue
•
Stiffness on the abdomen, chest, and back that is flat and red with small
bumps, similar to the rash caused by red scar fever
•
Neurological changes such as confusion, fainting, and delirium
•
Severe bleeding, usually five or seven days after the onset of symptoms
•
Physical weakness
•
Hypertension includes a lack of pure blood count or small platelets
•
Diseases in the kidneys, liver, and platelets
Symptoms
usually appear about a week (5 to 10 days) after infection but can occur at any
time from two days to three weeks.
Marburg infection is a disease that is usually fatal. Wherever 23% to 90% of those who contract it die from it, it is usually about eight to nine days after the appearance of symptoms.
Complications
It is
not yet-know-that the long-term effects of the Marburg virus are the long-term
effects of other viruses such as Ebola. It can be the result, at least in part,
of the high mortality in some outbreaks and the incidence of the disease. It
is hard to learn about health after someone has recovered from the Marburg
virus if so few people do.
That
said, the early rise left some indications as to how the virus could affect a
person's health over time. These problems may include:
•
Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver)
•
Asthenia (weakness)
•
Ocular (eye) disease
•
Psychosis
Causes
Marburg
virus infection is- caused by Marburg virus single-stage RNA virus. Marburg
virus can be transmitted from animals to humans, also from person to person,
and through contaminated material.
People
are more likely to become infected with the Marburg virus after being exposed
to one- of three substances: bathwater, body fluids, or contaminated objects.
Rousettus Bat Colonies
Before
the virus has passed from person to person, it must first jump from animal to
human, usually through African fruit rodents (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Humans
and other animals can be infected when they spend a lot of time in caves or
mines that Rousettus battery batteries found all over Africa, where they can
come in contact with bats.
Body Fluids
Like
Ebola, the Marburg virus travels from person to person through direct contact
with body fluids such as blood, urine, saliva, droplets of air (such as
coughs), vomiting, feces, and possibly breast milk. Infected sperm enters the
body through a break in the skin (such as cutting or scraping) or mucosal
membranes such as the mouth, nose, or eyes.
The
virus can be transmitted sexually, with some reports detecting the virus-in-the
male for up to seven weeks after recovery. Studies are needed to determine if
there may be a recurrence of the infection caused by signs and symptoms and
pregnancy.
Washing
the corpse of an infected person can cause contamination through the mouth and
eyes.
Because of this, health care providers and other caregivers with Marburg syndrome are at risk of infection.
Contaminated Objects
Marburg
virus can also be transmitted indirectly from person to person through
contaminated materials or products that contain the virus. These may include
medical supplies such as needles or cell cultures, and other common items such as dirty bedsheets.
Symptoms
Marburg
virus is symptoms of other diseases, such as colds, flu, or fever, which
sometimes make them difficult to diagnose, especially in contagious situations.
That is why doctors rely on test scores such as ELISA or PCR for a- legal
examination.
If
there is reason to suspect a Marburg virus (such as if a person has been
exposed to a common cause or outbreak and shows symptoms related to the
disease), doctors first prescribes a person to reduce the risk of someone-
being exposed to the virus. Once they have taken the necessary steps and
notified the public health authorities, healthcare providers will take a blood
test to test for signs of infection. This question includes:
•
ELISA testing: Antigen-capture enzyme-incorporated immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
tests that detect bacteria or antigens in the blood which-indicate-that someone
has been- exposed to the virus.
•
Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR): This test targets viral
infections, particularly RNA, to detect viruses in the blood.
For subsequent stages of the disease or after recovery, health care providers can diagnose the disease using the IgG-capture ELISA test, which monitors antibodies. Similarly, doctors can use several laboratory tests - such as viral isolating itself, immunohistochemistry (a way to detect other antigens in cells), or PCR to detect the Marburg virus in those who have already died of the disease.
Treatment
There
is currently no cure for the Marburg virus. As a result, health care providers
treat the disease by correcting symptoms and by doing what they can to prevent
further trauma or death. These steps may include:
•
Pain relief
•
Filling drinks with fluids to prevent dehydration
•
Reduce oxygen levels and increase blood pressure
•
Replacing blood clots or clotting in blood vessels
•
Treat any secondary infections or problems
Some
experimental treatments have shown promise or given to infected animals but
will not be tested in humans.
Prevention
Without a prescribed treatment, the best way to protect you from the Marburg virus is to prevent-it-completely. There is currently no cure for Marburg, although some are in the early stages of development. Instead, measures to prevent the Marburg virus in enclosures (such as protective equipment used to prevent Ebola), and to protect animals that may be infected.
Use Barrier Nursing Techniques
Measures
to block the safeguards of health care providers and caregivers should take if
someone else may be infected with a virus such as Marburg or Ebola. These
include:
Placing
a person who can be infected or already detected in a private place, reducing
the number of people who can be infected.
•
Protective clothing (PPE) such as coats, gloves, and masks before contacting a
person with Marburg disease or who may
• Use
a single-dose treatment - such as a needle - whenever possible, and effectively
kill disinfectants after contact with potentially contaminated body fluids
• Be
careful when disposing of body fluids such as blood, vomit, or diarrhea, or
anything else that may come in contact with them (such as bedsheets).
This
prevention is more than a health plan. Just as nurses have to act to change
clothes or dirty clothes or keep someone with Marburg in hospital, family
members or friends look after someone at home. Relatives who died in Marburg
should also exercise caution when caring for the body, including funerals or
other celebrations in honor of the deceased.
Avoid Potential Animal Hosts
The
Marburg virus that jumps from animals to humans is incomprehensible between
public health and medical care. As a result, researchers are still working on
the best ways to protect humans from animals. However, to give us what we
already know, some groups of animals need to be protected. These include:
•
African fruit fists, including being in places such as caves or mines where
bats live
•
Non-human tissues show signs of infection
•
Pigs are kept, especially in the event of an explosion or in contact with
other animals such as African fruit bars.
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